A System of Organic Logic
In the Summer of 1965, I changed one equation in Keynes' model of the economic system and found myself confronted with two equally consistent systems of equations. Gradually, I realized that the tools of mathematics were not of service to me, and those of rhetoric would have only embroiled me in unending verbal controversy. I went to look for assistance into logic and philosophy.
It is in treatises of logic that I found invaluable tools of analysis. I used them systematically both in the critical examination of contemporary economic theory and in the work of its reconstruction. This work resulted into a system of thought that I later came to call Concordian Economics.
Looking back, I gradually discovered not only that I had used ancient tools of logic, but that I had organized them in a system that was not in treatises of logic. I had formed a new system of logic, a system that I later called Organic Logic.
The major components of Organic Logic are the Principle of Identity, the Principle of Non-Contradiction, and the Principle of Equivalence.
Organic Logic is an integrated set of mental checks on our reasoning. The central rule of the principle of equivalence is that one needs three terms for the equivalence relation to be valid, and that each term has to be reflexive, symmetric, and transitive.
I have found Organic Logic consistently -- even though implicitly -- applied in mathematics and in religion. I have applied it in economic theory, the theory of justice, and in political science.
While flying at 40,000 miles above the earth, upon reading in The Tao of Physics by Fritjof Capra that Einstein had established the equivalence of matter to energy, I searched for the third term and found it in the word Spirit. I thus called for the equivalence of Matter to Energy to Spirit.