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This paper distinguishes between economic rights, property rights, and entitlements -- and calls for the addition of a new plank to the age-old theory of economic justice: participative justice. Today, if we do not participate in the economic process, we are marginalized. To assure our participation in the economic process, we need to exercise a set of basic economic rights -- economic rights to which corresponds a set of economic responsibilities.
This paper makes a number of points. The central one is this. As there are four "factors" of production -- namely, land, labor, financial capital, and physical capital, -- so we must have four corresponding economic rights. Otherwise, instead of being at the center of the economic life, we are "marginalized."
This discussion of fisheries renewal focuses on four issues: (1) The political realities, (2) natural resources, (3) financial resources, and (4) social organization, and makes recommendations in each of these areas. In the political context, the discussion calls for a mutual understanding of the demands that environmentalists and financiers impose on society and society imposes on environmentalists and financiers. In fisheries resources, it calls for a multi-species management approach. In financial resources, it calls for the use of the Discount Window of the Federal Reserve System and the implementation of Employee Sock Ownership Plans (ESOPs) and cooperatives. In organization, it calls for a new type of social organization, "functional integration." The discussion finds the presumed limits to growth as residing in the extent to which basic virtues such as courage, wisdom, and hope are exercised in fisheries development in particular and economic growth in general.
This article stresses that we all assume that the creators of poverty are the rich, and that this assumption does incalculable damage to both the religious and the political discourse. Taking the lead from the Psalms, the article maintains that the creators of poverty are not the rich but the wicked. The article then points out some of the consequences of this liberating insight on the pulpit and the political stomp.